Genetics and Genomics

In recent years, a lot has been unraveled on the taxonomy of genus Mobula. Emerging molecular techniques have the potential to further clarify taxonomical aspects, having a direct impact on the effective management of species and populations.

Genetics and genomics allow for an enhanced understanding of certain aspects of mobulid biology and ecology, at different spatial and temporal scales. Individual DNA samples can be collected through biopsy tips on hand slings or using other minimally-invasive techniques, such as mucus collection.

 DNA contained in small tissue samples can be used to shed light on population-level genetic diversity and to help assess population structure and connectivity. DNA signatures are also used for species identification, crucial to monitor catches and trade and to assist protective regulation and enforcement.

The estimation of genetic effective population size is also valuable for management and conservation of populations, as it enables the evaluation of population trends and estimation of genetic diversity loss.

Close-kin mark-recapture methods are also promising, using genomic signatures to identify kin including parent-offspring pairs, as well as environmental DNA that may be used to pin-point key conservation areas, such as foraging grounds and mating and nursery areas.